Knee Replacement Cost UK (2026 Guide)

Introduction

If you’re wondering how much a knee replacement costs in the UK, the short answer is that a private knee replacement typically costs between around £11,000 and £18,000, although prices can be lower or higher depending on your individual circumstances. Most self-pay packages include the surgeon’s fee, anaesthetist, hospital stay, operating theatre costs and routine follow-up appointments, but it’s important to check exactly what is included before making a decision. If you are eligible for treatment through the NHS, you will not usually pay for your surgery directly.

The cost of knee replacement is not the same at every hospital. Prices vary depending on several factors, including the hospital you choose, the experience and reputation of your surgeon, the type of knee replacement being performed, the implant used, where you live in the UK, and whether your quotation is an all-inclusive fixed-price package or a more flexible arrangement with separate fees. Additional investigations, physiotherapy, extended hospital stays or treatment for unexpected complications may also affect the overall cost, so comparing packages carefully is just as important as comparing the headline price.

For many people, cost is only one part of the decision. Choosing the right surgeon, understanding what is included in your package, knowing your expected recovery, and considering long-term outcomes are equally important. A lower price does not always represent better value, while the most expensive option is not necessarily the best choice for every patient.

This guide explains everything you need to know about private knee replacement cost in the UK. We’ll break down typical self-pay prices, explain why costs vary between hospitals and regions, compare NHS and private treatment, and look at what is and isn’t usually included in a fixed-price package. We’ll also discuss the factors that influence pricing, answer common questions about paying for surgery, and offer practical advice on comparing quotes so you can make an informed decision.

Whether you’re researching surgery for yourself or helping a family member, this guide aims to provide clear, balanced and evidence-based information to help you understand how much a knee replacement costs and what you can expect before committing to treatment.

Article information

• Author: Active Again Editorial Team
• Last Medically reviewed: July 2026
• Next scheduled review: July 2027
• Reading time: 22 minutes
• Evidence level: UK national clinical guidance, registry data and peer-reviewed evidence

How much does a private knee replacement cost in the UK?

A private knee replacement in the UK typically costs between £11,000 and £18,000 as a self-pay patient. The exact price depends on the hospital, surgeon, location, type of knee replacement, implant used, and what is included in the treatment package. Always request a detailed written quotation before committing to surgery.

Treatment	Typical UK Self-Pay Price	Usually Includes
Total knee replacement	Approximately £11,000–£18,000	Surgeon, anaesthetist, hospital stay, operating theatre, implant, routine follow-up*
Partial knee replacement	Approximately £10,000–£16,000	Similar package, although costs vary depending on suitability and provider*
Robotic-assisted knee replacement	Approximately £13,000–£20,000+	May include additional technology costs; availability varies by hospital*
Initial consultation	Approximately £200–£350	Assessment by an orthopaedic surgeon
MRI or CT scan (if required)	Approximately £250–£800	Only required in selected patients

*Package contents vary between providers. Some hospitals include physiotherapy, medication and follow-up appointments, while others charge separately. Always confirm exactly what is included in your quotation before comparing prices.

Average Knee Replacement Cost in the UK

The cost of a private knee replacement in the UK varies considerably, but most patients can expect to pay between approximately £11,000 and £18,000 for a standard total knee replacement. While price is an important consideration, it should never be the only factor when choosing where to have surgery. The experience of your surgeon, the quality of the hospital, the type of implant used, and the support you receive before and after your operation can all influence your outcome.

Many private hospitals offer fixed-price self-pay packages, giving patients greater certainty about the overall cost. However, what is included differs between providers, so it is essential to compare packages carefully rather than simply choosing the lowest price.

Typical Procedural Costs

The table below provides an overview of the price ranges commonly advertised by UK private hospitals. These figures are indicative only and should not be regarded as fixed prices.

Procedure	Typical Self-Pay Cost	Comments
Partial knee replacement	Approximately £10,000–£16,000	Suitable only when arthritis affects a single compartment of the knee.
Total knee replacement	Approximately £11,000–£18,000	The most commonly performed knee replacement operation.
Robotic-assisted knee replacement	Approximately £13,000–£20,000+	May involve additional technology costs and is not available at every hospital.
Revision knee replacement	Usually significantly higher	More complex surgery, often requiring specialised implants and longer operating times. Individual quotations are required.

These price ranges reflect typical self-pay packages offered across the UK. Individual hospitals may charge outside these ranges depending on their facilities and services.

Do Private Hospital Prices Differ?

Yes. Two hospitals located only a few miles apart may charge very different prices for the same operation.

Some hospitals provide a comprehensive package that includes:

• Initial pre-operative assessment
• Surgeon and anaesthetist fees
• Hospital accommodation
• Operating theatre costs
• Standard knee implant
• Routine blood tests
• Follow-up appointments
• Basic physiotherapy
• Take-home medication

Other providers may quote a lower headline price but charge separately for consultations, imaging, physiotherapy, or additional overnight stays. Before committing to surgery, ask for a detailed written quotation showing exactly what is and is not included.

London Versus the Rest of the UK

Location is one of the biggest influences on private knee replacement cost.

Hospitals in Central London generally have higher operating costs than hospitals elsewhere in the UK. Property costs, staffing expenses and demand for private healthcare all contribute to higher prices.

As a result:

Location	Typical Pricing
Central London	Usually at the upper end of UK price ranges
Greater London	Often above the national average
Large regional cities, Oxford	Frequently around the national average
Smaller towns and regional private hospitals	Often towards the lower end of UK price ranges

Many patients are willing to travel outside London if they can receive treatment from an experienced surgeon at a lower overall cost. However, remember to factor in travel expenses and the practicality of attending follow-up appointments closer to your operation.

Partial, Total and Robotic Knee Replacement Costs

The type of operation you need also affects the final price.

Partial Knee Replacement

A partial knee replacement replaces only the damaged compartment of the knee while preserving healthy bone and ligaments. Because less surgery is performed, some providers charge slightly less than for a total knee replacement.

However, this is not always the case. Patient selection is more demanding, and some implants are more expensive, meaning the overall price may be similar.

Importantly, not everyone is suitable for a partial knee replacement. Your orthopaedic surgeon will determine whether it is an appropriate option based on your arthritis, knee stability and imaging.

Total Knee Replacement

A total knee replacement is the standard operation for patients with widespread knee arthritis affecting multiple compartments of the joint.

It remains the most commonly performed knee replacement procedure in the UK and therefore has the most predictable pricing. Most advertised self-pay packages are based on total knee replacement surgery.

Robotic-Assisted Knee Replacement

Some hospitals now offer robotic-assisted knee replacement, where specialised computer-guided technology helps the surgeon plan and perform parts of the operation with greater precision.

The robotic system does not perform the operation independently. The surgeon remains fully in control throughout the procedure.

Robotic surgery often costs more because of:

• specialised equipment
• additional pre-operative planning
• technology licensing costs
• staff training
• maintenance of the robotic system

Although early studies suggest robotic assistance may improve the accuracy of implant positioning, research is still ongoing to determine whether this consistently translates into better long-term outcomes for all patients. Current UK guidance does not recommend robotic surgery for every patient solely on the basis of cost.

Why Do Knee Replacement Prices Vary?

Several factors influence the price you are quoted.

Surgeon experience

Highly experienced consultant orthopaedic surgeons with specialist knee practices may charge higher professional fees than surgeons earlier in their careers. Experience alone does not guarantee a better outcome, but many patients value specialist expertise.

Hospital facilities

Modern hospitals with private rooms, advanced imaging, enhanced rehabilitation services and specialist nursing teams generally have higher operating costs, which may be reflected in their prices.

Implant choice

Different manufacturers produce different knee replacement implants. Although most modern implants have excellent long-term results, costs vary depending on the implant system selected. Your surgeon will recommend the implant they believe is most appropriate for your anatomy and clinical needs rather than simply choosing the least expensive option.

Complexity of surgery

Patients who have significant deformity, previous knee operations, obesity or complex medical conditions may require longer operating times or additional equipment, which can increase costs.

Package inclusions

One quotation may include physiotherapy, follow-up consultations and medication, while another charges separately for these services. Comparing the contents of each package is often more useful than comparing the total price alone.

Comparing Value Rather Than Price

While it is natural to focus on the overall private knee replacement cost, choosing surgery based solely on the lowest quotation can be misleading. A well-structured package with an experienced knee surgeon, high-quality rehabilitation and clear aftercare may represent better value than a cheaper option with additional charges or limited support.

Before making your decision, ask for a written breakdown of costs, clarify what happens if complications occur, and ensure you understand exactly what your self-pay package includes.

NHS vs Private Knee Replacement: What’s the Difference?

For many people, the choice between NHS and private knee replacement surgery is about more than cost alone. Waiting times, choice of surgeon, hospital facilities, rehabilitation and the overall patient experience can all influence your decision.

The NHS provides high-quality knee replacement surgery without direct charges to eligible patients, while private healthcare offers greater flexibility and faster access for those who choose to self-fund or use private medical insurance. Neither option is universally “better”—the right choice depends on your symptoms, priorities, budget and personal circumstances.

The table below summarises the main differences.

Feature	NHS Knee Replacement	Private Knee Replacement
Cost	Usually free at the point of use for eligible patients	Self-pay packages typically cost around £11,000–£18,000, or may be covered by private medical insurance
Waiting times	May vary considerably depending on local demand and clinical priority	Often significantly shorter, although availability varies between surgeons and hospitals
Choice of surgeon	Limited. You may not be able to choose your operating surgeon. May be a trainee surgeon	Usually able to choose your consultant orthopaedic surgeon
Hospital choice	Based on NHS referral pathways and patient choice schemes	Wide choice of participating private hospitals and clinics
Appointment flexibility	More limited	Greater flexibility for consultation and surgery dates
Rehabilitation	NHS physiotherapy according to local services	May include physiotherapy within the treatment package, although this varies
Hospital accommodation	Mix of shared bays and single rooms depending on availability	Single en-suite rooms are common in most private hospitals
Continuity of care	Care delivered by a multidisciplinary NHS team	Patients often see the same consultant throughout their treatment

Waiting Times

For many patients, waiting time is the main reason for considering private surgery.

Waiting times for NHS knee replacement depend on several factors, including:

• local hospital capacity
• demand for orthopaedic services
• workforce availability
• your clinical priority
• regional variation across the UK

Some patients are treated relatively quickly, while others may wait considerably longer. Waiting times can change over time and differ between NHS trusts.

Private hospitals can often offer consultations within days or weeks, with surgery scheduled soon afterwards if appropriate. This may be particularly valuable for people whose knee pain is severely affecting work, mobility or quality of life.

However, faster treatment does not necessarily mean better clinical outcomes. Both NHS and private surgeons follow the same evidence-based principles for deciding when surgery is appropriate.

Choice of Surgeon

One of the biggest differences between NHS and private care is the ability to choose your surgeon.

Within the NHS, your GP usually refers you to an orthopaedic service rather than to a specific consultant, although patient choice arrangements may allow some flexibility. Depending on the hospital, your operation may be performed by one of several consultant orthopaedic surgeons within the team. Your operation may be performed by a surgeon who is undergoing training even if you are under a “named” consultant.

In private practice, patients can usually choose the consultant they wish to see. Many people research surgeons based on their specialist interests, experience, recommendations and hospital affiliations before arranging an appointment.

Choosing a surgeon should involve more than reputation alone. Consider factors such as communication, experience in knee replacement surgery, willingness to answer questions and whether you feel confident in the treatment plan.

Choosing a Knee Surgeon

Cost

The most obvious difference is financial.

If you are eligible for NHS treatment, knee replacement surgery is usually provided without direct charges. This includes your hospital stay, operation, anaesthetic and routine follow-up care.

Private treatment is funded either through:

• self-payment
• private medical insurance (subject to policy terms)
• employer-funded healthcare
• healthcare finance options offered by some providers

Self-pay packages commonly range between £11,000 and £18,000, although prices vary according to the hospital, surgeon, location and the package offered.

When comparing quotations, always check:

• what is included
• whether physiotherapy is covered
• how follow-up appointments are managed
• whether additional costs may arise if complications occur

Rehabilitation

Successful recovery depends on rehabilitation regardless of where your surgery takes place.

Both NHS and private patients are encouraged to begin mobilisation soon after surgery and undertake structured physiotherapy to regain movement, strength and confidence.

The main difference is often how rehabilitation is organised.

NHS physiotherapy services are delivered according to local resources and may involve hospital outpatient departments, community physiotherapy teams or home exercise programmes.

Private hospitals may include several physiotherapy sessions within the package or provide easier access to private physiotherapists. However, this is not universal, so patients should confirm exactly what rehabilitation is included before surgery.

Ultimately, recovery depends far more on following your rehabilitation programme consistently than on whether the operation was performed in an NHS or private hospital.

Hospital Facilities

Private hospitals often place greater emphasis on hotel-style amenities.

Many patients can expect:

• private en-suite rooms
• quieter wards
• flexible visiting arrangements
• more personalised catering
• dedicated nursing teams

NHS hospitals usually provide excellent clinical care but may have shared bays, busier wards and greater pressure on bed availability, particularly during periods of high demand.

While comfortable surroundings can improve the patient experience, they do not necessarily influence the long-term success of the knee replacement itself.

Patient Experience

Every patient’s experience is unique, but there are some common differences.

Private care often offers:

• shorter waiting times
• longer consultation appointments
• greater continuity with the same consultant
• more flexibility when arranging appointments
• easier direct communication with the consultant’s secretary or team

The NHS provides care through experienced multidisciplinary teams with established pathways for joint replacement surgery. Although appointments may be shorter and waiting times longer, the clinical standards for surgery, infection prevention, anaesthesia and rehabilitation remain high.

Many consultant orthopaedic surgeons practise in both the NHS and private sector, meaning the same surgeon may perform operations in both settings.

Which Option Is Right for You?

There is no single best choice for everyone.

Private surgery may appeal if you value rapid access, wish to choose your surgeon, or prefer greater flexibility around appointment dates and hospital facilities.

The NHS remains an excellent option for many patients, providing evidence-based knee replacement surgery delivered by highly trained multidisciplinary teams without the financial cost of self-funding. Due to recent pressures placed on the NHS, funding, staffing issues and waiting time issues have become evident as you may have seen described in the national press.

Whichever route you choose, the most important factors are having surgery for the right reasons, understanding the benefits and risks, and committing to rehabilitation afterwards. These are far more important to your long-term outcome than whether your operation takes place in an NHS or private hospital.

What Is Usually Included in a Private Knee Replacement Package?

When comparing private knee replacement costs, one of the most important questions to ask is “What exactly does the price include?”

Two hospitals may advertise similar prices, yet one package could include almost everything needed for your surgery and recovery, while another may charge separately for consultations, scans, physiotherapy or medications. Looking beyond the headline figure will help you understand the true cost of treatment and avoid unexpected expenses.

Most UK private hospitals offer fixed-price self-pay packages for routine knee replacement surgery. These are designed to provide financial certainty by covering the main elements of your treatment from admission through to your early recovery. However, package contents vary between providers, so it is essential to request a written breakdown before booking surgery.

Hospital Stay

The hospital stay is one of the largest components of the overall cost.

A standard package usually includes:

• Your hospital admission
• Use of the operating theatre
• Recovery room care
• Nursing care throughout your stay
• A private en-suite room in most private hospitals
• Meals and refreshments
• Routine inpatient physiotherapy
• Standard ward equipment

Most patients stay one to three nights, although some are discharged sooner if they recover quickly and have appropriate support at home. More complex cases or patients with significant medical conditions may require a longer stay.

If your admission is extended beyond what is included in the package—for example because of a medical complication—additional charges may apply. Always ask how extended stays are handled.

Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon’s Fee

Your consultant surgeon’s professional fee is normally included within a self-pay package.

This generally covers:

• Performing the operation
• Reviewing your medical history
• Surgical planning
• Inpatient visits after surgery
• Routine post-operative follow-up appointments included within the package

Some hospitals include the initial consultation, while others charge separately. If you have already seen the surgeon before deciding to proceed, the consultation fee may be deducted from your package price, but this varies between providers.

Anaesthetist’s Fee

A knee replacement requires an anaesthetic. in the private sector this will be a fully qualified and trained Consultant. In the NHS you may have an anaesthetist in training.

Most fixed-price packages include:

• Pre-operative assessment by the anaesthetist
• Anaesthetic care during surgery
• Monitoring throughout the operation
• Pain management immediately after surgery

Most patients receive general anaesthesia with target pain relieving nerve blocks. A smaller group may receive a spinal anaesthetic with sedation, although the most appropriate technique depends on individual circumstances and will be discussed before your operation.

Additional procedures or unusually complex cases may occasionally generate extra professional fees, so it is worth confirming that the anaesthetist’s charges are fully included.

Knee Replacement Implant

The artificial knee implant is usually included in the package price.

Modern knee replacements consist of high-quality metal and plastic components designed to restore smooth joint movement and relieve pain caused by arthritis.

Your surgeon will recommend an implant based on factors such as:

• your anatomy
• bone quality
• age
• activity level
• the pattern of arthritis
• their own experience with specific implant systems

Patients are rarely asked to choose between different implants based on price alone. The goal is to use an implant that is appropriate for your individual clinical needs.

If specialised implants or custom-made components are required, additional costs may occasionally apply.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy is a vital part of recovery following knee replacement surgery.

Many private packages include:

• Early mobilisation on the day of surgery or the following morning
• Inpatient physiotherapy during your hospital stay
• Walking practice with crutches or sticks
• Instruction on exercises to continue at home

Some hospitals also include several outpatient physiotherapy appointments after discharge.

Others provide only your inpatient physiotherapy, leaving patients to arrange further rehabilitation privately or through NHS services.

Before booking surgery, ask:

• How many physiotherapy sessions are included?
• Where will they take place?
• Can additional sessions be purchased if required?

Follow-Up Appointments

Most private knee replacement packages include routine follow-up consultations with your surgeon.

These appointments are used to:

• assess wound healing
• review your pain control
• monitor knee movement
• discuss rehabilitation progress
• answer any questions

The number of appointments varies between providers. Some include one review, while others include several appointments during the first few months after surgery.

If longer-term follow-up is required, additional consultation fees may apply unless specifically included.

Medications

Patients usually receive medication while they are in hospital as part of their treatment package.

This often includes:

• pain relief
• anti-inflammatory medication where appropriate
• antibiotics given around the time of surgery
• blood-thinning medication to reduce the risk of blood clots
• medication to prevent nausea if required

Most hospitals also provide a supply of medication to take home after discharge.

However, the quantity supplied varies. Ongoing prescriptions obtained through your GP after this initial period are generally not included in the package.

Blood Tests and Routine Investigations

Most hospitals include the routine investigations needed before surgery.

These commonly include:

• blood tests
• electrocardiogram (ECG) if appropriate
• MRSA screening
• pre-operative assessment by a specialist nurse

These assessments help ensure that surgery can proceed safely.

Are Scans Included?

This depends on the provider.

If you have already undergone X-rays through the NHS or another provider, these may be sufficient. Some hospitals include routine X-rays as part of the package, while others charge separately.

More advanced imaging, such as MRI or CT scans, is not routinely required for every patient undergoing knee replacement surgery. MRI scans however are common. If your surgeon feels additional imaging is necessary—for example when planning robotic-assisted surgery or investigating complex anatomy—it may incur an additional charge unless specifically included.

Always ask whether your quotation covers:

• X-rays
• MRI scans
• CT scans
• imaging used for robotic surgery planning

What May Not Be Included?

Although self-pay packages are often described as “fixed price”, there are important exceptions.

Possible exclusions include:

• Initial consultation (at some hospitals)
• Additional imaging requested after your assessment
• Extra physiotherapy sessions
• Extended hospital stays
• Treatment for unrelated medical problems discovered during admission
• Revision surgery if required years later
• Treatment of rare complications not covered by the package terms
• Additional specialist consultations
• Home nursing services
• Mobility equipment beyond standard walking aids
• GP prescriptions after your initial medication supply

Every provider has different terms and conditions, so always read the small print carefully.

Questions to Ask Before Booking

Before committing to surgery, request a written quotation and ask:

• Is this a fixed-price package?
• Are there any circumstances where extra charges could apply?
• How many follow-up appointments are included?
• Is outpatient physiotherapy included?
• Are all professional fees covered?
• What happens if I need to stay in hospital longer than expected?
• Are scans included if required?
• What support is available after I go home?

Understanding the answers to these questions will help you compare providers fairly and reduce the likelihood of unexpected costs.

Private Knee Replacement Package Checklist

Item	Usually Included?	Check Before Booking
Hospital admission	✓ Usually	Confirm expected length of stay
Operating theatre	✓ Usually	Included within package
Private room	✓ Usually	Ask if guaranteed
Consultant surgeon’s fee	✓ Usually	Confirm initial consultation is included
Anaesthetist’s fee	✓ Usually	Confirm all professional fees are covered
Knee replacement implant	✓ Usually	Ask if specialist implants incur additional costs
Routine nursing care	✓ Usually	Included throughout admission
Blood tests and pre-operative assessment	✓ Usually	Confirm any additional investigations
Standard X-rays	Often	Check whether included
MRI or CT scan	Sometimes	Ask if additional charges apply
Inpatient physiotherapy	✓ Usually	Included during hospital stay
Outpatient physiotherapy	Sometimes	Ask how many sessions are included
Take-home medication	Usually	Confirm duration of supply
Follow-up appointments	Usually	Ask how many reviews are included
Extended hospital stay	Sometimes	Clarify additional daily charges
Treatment of unexpected complications	Varies	Ask for the provider’s policy

A comprehensive package can offer excellent value by covering most aspects of your treatment and early recovery. However, no two hospitals structure their packages in exactly the same way. Taking time to compare what is included—not just the advertised price—will help you make an informed decision and minimise the risk of unexpected costs later.

Why Does One Hospital Charge More Than Another?

If you’ve requested quotations from several private hospitals, you may have noticed that the price of a knee replacement can differ by several thousand pounds, even when the operation appears to be the same.

This variation is normal and does not necessarily mean that one provider offers better or worse care. A higher price may reflect additional services, greater complexity, higher operating costs or access to specialist technology, while a lower price does not automatically represent poor quality.

Rather than focusing solely on the headline cost, it is more helpful to understand what is driving the price and whether those differences are relevant to your own treatment.

Consultant Surgeon’s Expertise

One of the biggest influences on price is the consultant orthopaedic surgeon.

Surgeons who specialise almost exclusively in knee surgery, undertake high volumes of joint replacements, or have recognised expertise in complex reconstruction may charge higher professional fees than surgeons with a broader practice.

However, it is important not to assume that a higher fee always means better outcomes. Surgical success depends on many factors, including:

• appropriate patient selection
• careful surgical planning
• technical skill
• multidisciplinary care
• rehabilitation
• the patient’s overall health and commitment to recovery

When choosing a surgeon, consider their experience, communication, willingness to answer questions and whether you feel confident in their recommendations, rather than comparing fees alone.

Implant Choice

The knee implant itself also contributes to the overall cost.

Modern knee replacements are manufactured by several well-established companies and are designed to provide reliable long-term function. Different implant systems vary in design, materials and instrumentation, and their purchase costs differ.

Your surgeon will normally recommend an implant based on:

• your anatomy
• bone quality
• the pattern of arthritis
• stability of the knee
• their experience with that implant system

Most patients should not choose an implant simply because it is marketed as newer or more expensive. Current evidence shows that many well-established implant designs provide excellent long-term outcomes when used appropriately.

Hospital Location

Where you have your surgery can significantly affect the price.

Private hospitals in Central London generally charge more than hospitals elsewhere in the UK because they face higher costs for:

• property and facilities
• staffing
• specialist equipment
• day-to-day operating expenses

Hospitals in regional cities or smaller towns often have lower overheads, allowing them to offer similar procedures at a lower cost.

Travelling outside your local area may reduce the price of surgery, but remember to consider:

• travel costs
• follow-up appointments
• access to physiotherapy
• support from family or friends during recovery

Convenience can be just as important as cost, particularly in the first few weeks after surgery.

Room Type and Hospital Facilities

Private hospitals differ in the facilities they provide.

Higher-priced hospitals may offer:

• spacious private en-suite rooms
• enhanced hotel-style accommodation
• improved catering options
• quieter wards
• modern rehabilitation facilities
• dedicated orthopaedic units

These amenities can improve comfort and overall patient experience.

However, they do not necessarily improve the long-term success of the knee replacement itself. Clinical outcomes depend much more on surgical expertise, rehabilitation and appropriate patient care than on the size of your hospital room.

Technology and Equipment

Some hospitals invest heavily in advanced surgical technology.

This may include:

• computer-assisted surgery
• three-dimensional planning software
• patient-specific instrumentation
• advanced operating theatre equipment
• enhanced imaging systems

Maintaining and updating this equipment increases the hospital’s running costs, which may be reflected in the price patients pay.

While technology can support surgical planning and precision, it should be viewed as an aid to an experienced surgeon rather than a replacement for surgical judgement.

Robotic-Assisted Knee Replacement

Robotic-assisted surgery is becoming increasingly available in UK private hospitals.

During robotic-assisted knee replacement, specialised software helps the surgeon plan bone preparation and implant positioning with a high degree of precision. Despite the name, the robot does not perform the operation independently. The surgeon remains in complete control throughout the procedure.

Hospitals offering robotic surgery often charge more because of:

• expensive robotic equipment
• ongoing maintenance contracts
• staff training
• additional pre-operative imaging or planning
• software licensing

Research suggests robotic assistance may improve the accuracy of implant positioning. However, evidence is still evolving regarding whether this consistently leads to better long-term pain relief, function or implant longevity for every patient. For many people, conventional knee replacement performed by an experienced surgeon remains an excellent option.

Complexity of Your Operation

Not every knee replacement is equally straightforward.

Patients with more complex problems may require:

• longer operating times
• additional surgical equipment
• specialist implants
• more experienced surgical teams
• extended hospital stays

Examples include patients who have:

• severe deformity
• previous fractures around the knee
• retained metalwork
• significant bone loss
• complex ligament instability
• multiple previous knee operations

These factors increase the resources required to perform surgery safely and may result in a higher quotation.

Revision Knee Replacement

A revision knee replacement is very different from a routine primary knee replacement.

Revision surgery involves replacing an existing artificial knee that has worn out, become loose, become infected or failed for another reason.

These operations are substantially more complex because surgeons may need to:

• remove the existing implant
• reconstruct damaged bone
• use specialised revision implants
• manage scar tissue
• address ligament problems
• perform longer operations

Revision surgery frequently requires highly specialised implants and experienced multidisciplinary teams, making it considerably more expensive than a first-time knee replacement.

What’s Included in the Package?

Sometimes a higher price simply reflects a more comprehensive package.

One provider may include:

• all consultant fees
• anaesthetist fees
• physiotherapy
• medications
• follow-up appointments
• imaging
• extended rehabilitation support

Another may quote a lower initial price but charge separately for several of these services.

Comparing the contents of each package is often more informative than comparing the headline figure alone.

Don’t Choose on Price Alone

It is understandable to compare prices when making a major financial decision, but cost should never be the only consideration.

The best value is not necessarily the cheapest package or the most expensive one. Instead, consider the overall quality of care, the experience of your surgeon, the hospital’s facilities, the support available during recovery and exactly what is included in the quoted price.

A carefully planned operation, realistic expectations and a commitment to rehabilitation are far more likely to influence your long-term outcome than paying a little more—or a little less—for surgery. Choosing a provider who inspires confidence and offers transparent pricing is usually a better approach than simply selecting the lowest quotation.

Robotic Knee Replacement Costs

Robotic-assisted knee replacement is becoming increasingly available in UK private hospitals, and many patients wonder whether it is worth paying more for this technology. While robotic systems can improve the precision of certain parts of the operation, they also increase the overall cost of surgery. Whether that additional expense represents good value depends on your individual circumstances, the experience of your surgeon and the evidence supporting the technology.

One important point is often misunderstood: the robot does not perform the operation. A consultant orthopaedic surgeon remains in complete control throughout the procedure. The robotic system assists with planning, measuring and guiding bone preparation, helping the surgeon position the implant with a high degree of accuracy.

Does Robotic Knee Replacement Cost More?

In most private hospitals, yes.

Robotic-assisted knee replacement usually costs more than conventional knee replacement because hospitals must invest in expensive equipment, ongoing maintenance and specialist training.

Typical reasons for the higher cost include:

• Purchase of the robotic platform
• Annual servicing and software licensing
• Staff training and competency programmes
• Additional operating theatre equipment
• Pre-operative planning software
• In some cases, additional CT imaging for surgical planning

As a result, patients can often expect robotic-assisted surgery to cost around £13,000–£20,000 or more, compared with approximately £11,000–£18,000 for a conventional private total knee replacement. Exact prices vary between hospitals and individual surgeons. Read related robotic literature.

How Does Robotic Surgery Work?

Before surgery, the surgeon uses imaging and planning software to create a detailed model of your knee.

During the operation, the robotic system provides real-time information about:

• your anatomy
• knee alignment
• ligament balance
• planned implant position
• bone preparation

The system helps the surgeon make highly accurate bone cuts while remaining within predefined safety boundaries. The surgeon performs the procedure and can adjust the surgical plan at any stage if necessary.

Potential Advantages

The main potential advantage of robotic-assisted surgery is greater precision.

Compared with conventional techniques, robotic systems may improve:

• implant positioning
• alignment accuracy
• consistency of bone preparation
• soft tissue balancing during surgery

More accurate implant positioning is theoretically attractive because poor alignment can contribute to pain, instability or early implant failure.

However, greater technical precision does not automatically translate into better patient outcomes.

Does the Evidence Show Better Results?

This is where it is important to separate marketing claims from the current evidence.

Research consistently shows that robotic-assisted surgery produces more precise implant alignment than conventional knee replacement. However, the evidence that this leads to better long-term outcomes for patients remains uncertain. (Nice)

Studies comparing robotic-assisted and conventional knee replacement have generally found that:

• patient satisfaction is broadly similar
• improvements in pain and function are similar
• complication rates are similar
• serious adverse events are uncommon with either technique

Some studies suggest that patients undergoing robotic-assisted surgery may experience:

• less early pain
• reduced soft tissue injury
• improved early recovery

However, these differences are often modest, and longer-term studies are still needed to determine whether robotic surgery improves implant longevity or reduces the need for future revision surgery.

For this reason, patients should be cautious about claims that robotic surgery is “always better” or that it guarantees a superior result.

What Does NICE Say?

Current UK guidance reflects this uncertainty.

In 2025, NICE published early value assessment guidance on robot-assisted orthopaedic surgery. NICE concluded that robotic systems can be used within the NHS while further evidence is collected, rather than recommending routine widespread adoption based on existing evidence alone.

NICE recognised several potential benefits, including:

• more precise implant positioning
• the possibility of improved patient satisfaction
• potential reductions in future revision surgery
• possible improvements in efficiency

However, NICE also highlighted important uncertainties.

The guidance states that although implant alignment is consistently more accurate with robotic surgery, current clinical evidence shows similar patient-reported outcomes and complication rates compared with conventional surgery, and it remains unclear whether the improved precision leads to meaningful long-term benefits.

NICE also noted that robotic systems involve substantial costs, and early economic modelling suggested that robot-assisted knee replacement may not currently be cost-effective, pending further evidence. (Nice)

Conventional vs Robotic Knee Replacement

Feature	Conventional Knee Replacement	Robotic-Assisted Knee Replacement
Typical private cost	Approximately £11,000–£18,000	Approximately £13,000–£20,000+
Surgeon performs operation	✓ Yes	✓ Yes
Computer-assisted planning	Limited	Extensive
Implant positioning accuracy	Excellent in experienced hands	Generally more precise according to current studies
Early recovery	Excellent	May be modestly improved in some patients
Long-term pain and function	Excellent	No consistent long-term superiority demonstrated to date
Long-term evidence	Extensive	Growing but still evolving
Availability	Widely available	Limited to hospitals with robotic platforms

Is Robotic Surgery Worth the Extra Cost?

There is no universal answer.

For some patients, the additional cost may be worthwhile if they value access to the latest technology and their surgeon routinely performs robotic-assisted knee replacement.

For others, conventional surgery performed by an experienced specialist may represent equally good value. Decades of evidence show that modern conventional knee replacement provides excellent pain relief and functional improvement for most patients.

The most important determinant of a successful outcome is unlikely to be whether a robot is used. Factors such as appropriate patient selection, the experience of the surgeon, careful surgical planning and commitment to rehabilitation probably have a much greater influence on long-term success than the choice between robotic and conventional techniques.

If you are considering robotic-assisted surgery, ask your surgeon why they recommend it in your particular case, what evidence they believe is most relevant to you, and whether the additional cost is likely to provide meaningful benefits based on your individual needs.

Partial vs Total Knee Replacement Costs

If you’re considering knee replacement surgery, one of the first questions is whether you need a partial knee replacement or a total knee replacement. Although both operations aim to relieve pain and improve mobility, they are designed for different patterns of arthritis and can differ slightly in cost, recovery and long-term expectations.

Importantly, the decision should not be based on price alone. The most appropriate operation depends on the condition of your knee, your symptoms and your surgeon’s assessment. Choosing the right procedure for your arthritis is far more important than choosing the less expensive one.

What Is a Partial Knee Replacement?

A partial knee replacement (also called a unicompartmental knee replacement) replaces only the damaged part of the knee joint while preserving healthy bone, cartilage and ligaments.

Most commonly, it is performed when arthritis is confined to the inner (medial) compartment of the knee, although selected patients may require replacement of another compartment.

Because much of the natural knee is preserved, partial knee replacement can offer a more natural-feeling joint in appropriately selected patients.

However, only a minority of patients with knee arthritis are suitable candidates. Your surgeon will assess:

• the location of your arthritis
• ligament stability
• knee alignment
• range of movement
• X-rays and, occasionally, additional imaging

[Internal link: Partial Knee Replacement]

What Is a Total Knee Replacement?

A total knee replacement involves replacing the damaged surfaces of all three compartments of the knee joint with artificial components.

It is the standard operation for patients with widespread osteoarthritis affecting multiple parts of the knee and remains one of the most successful procedures in modern orthopaedic surgery.

Most people undergoing knee replacement in the UK receive a total knee replacement because arthritis commonly affects more than one compartment by the time surgery becomes necessary.

Typical Cost Comparison

Although partial knee replacement is often described as a smaller operation, it is not always substantially cheaper than a total knee replacement.

Both procedures require:

• a consultant orthopaedic surgeon
• an anaesthetist
• operating theatre time
• hospital admission
• specialist implants
• nursing care
• rehabilitation

For this reason, the overall costs are usually similar.

Procedure	Typical UK Self-Pay Cost	Typical Candidates
Partial knee replacement	Approximately £10,000–£16,000	Arthritis limited to one compartment
Total knee replacement	Approximately £11,000–£18,000	Arthritis affecting multiple compartments

These figures are representative of UK self-pay packages. Actual prices vary between hospitals, surgeons and regions.

Why Might a Partial Knee Replacement Cost Less?

When a lower price is offered, it is usually because:

• the operation may take less time
• the hospital stay may be shorter
• recovery may be faster
• less surgical exposure is required

However, these potential savings are not universal.

Some partial knee replacement implants are relatively expensive, and the operation requires careful patient selection and precise surgical technique. Consequently, some hospitals charge almost identical prices for both procedures.

Implant Differences

The implants used for partial and total knee replacement are designed differently because they replace different parts of the joint.

Feature	Partial Knee Replacement	Total Knee Replacement
Joint replaced	One compartment	Entire knee joint surface
Bone removed	Less	More
Healthy cartilage preserved	Yes	No
Cruciate ligaments	Often preserved	Depending on implant design, one or both may be sacrificed or substituted
Implant size	Smaller	Larger and more comprehensive

Modern implants used for both procedures have excellent clinical outcomes when selected appropriately.

Your surgeon will recommend an implant system based on your anatomy, the pattern of arthritis and their experience rather than on cost alone.

Recovery

Recovery following either operation requires commitment to physiotherapy and rehabilitation.

Many patients experience a slightly quicker early recovery after partial knee replacement because:

• less bone is removed
• more normal anatomy is preserved
• the operation is generally less invasive
• muscles and soft tissues may experience less disruption

Patients may therefore regain movement and return to normal activities sooner.

However, recovery varies considerably between individuals. Factors such as age, fitness, other medical conditions and adherence to rehabilitation often have a greater influence than the type of operation performed.

Regardless of the procedure, most patients benefit from structured physiotherapy and regular exercises to rebuild strength and improve confidence.

Long-Term Outcomes

Both procedures have excellent success rates when performed for the right reasons.

A partial knee replacement may provide a knee that feels more natural because much of the patient’s own joint is preserved. Some studies report higher patient satisfaction in carefully selected individuals.

However, partial knee replacement is only successful when arthritis truly remains confined to a single compartment. If arthritis later develops elsewhere in the knee, further surgery—including conversion to a total knee replacement—may eventually be required.

Total knee replacement has the advantage of treating arthritis throughout the knee at the same operation. It has a long track record with excellent long-term outcomes and remains the most widely performed option worldwide.

Evidence from national joint registries has generally shown that total knee replacements have lower revision rates overall, while partial knee replacements often offer faster early recovery and a more natural-feeling knee in appropriately selected patients. The best procedure depends on patient suitability rather than personal preference alone.

Which Operation Is Right for You?

The decision between a partial and total knee replacement should always be based on clinical assessment rather than price.

A partial knee replacement is an excellent option for carefully selected patients with arthritis limited to one part of the knee. Attempting a partial replacement in someone with widespread arthritis is unlikely to provide the best long-term outcome.

Similarly, performing a total knee replacement when a partial replacement would be more appropriate may sacrifice healthy structures unnecessarily.

An experienced knee surgeon will assess your symptoms, examine your knee and review your imaging before recommending the operation that offers the greatest chance of long-term success.

Partial vs Total Knee Replacement at a Glance

Comparison	Partial Knee Replacement	Total Knee Replacement
Typical cost	£10,000–£16,000	£11,000–£18,000
Suitable for	Arthritis confined to one compartment	Arthritis affecting multiple compartments
Bone preserved	More	Less
Ligaments preserved	Usually	Depends on implant design
Early recovery	Often quicker	Slightly longer on average
Long-term evidence	Excellent in carefully selected patients	Excellent with extensive long-term evidence
Risk of later surgery	Higher if arthritis develops elsewhere	Generally lower overall revision risk
Most common procedure	No	Yes

For most patients, the best value comes from having the right operation performed by an experienced knee surgeon, rather than selecting the procedure with the lowest price. A thorough assessment and an individualised treatment plan are far more important than the difference of a few thousand pounds in the initial cost.

Does Private Medical Insurance Cover Knee Replacement Surgery?

For many people in the UK, private medical insurance (PMI) can cover the cost of knee replacement surgery. However, cover is not automatic, and the amount your insurer pays depends on your individual policy, your medical history and the treatment pathway you follow.

Most insurers require several steps before approving surgery, and understanding these in advance can help avoid unexpected costs or delays.

If you do not have private medical insurance, many hospitals also offer self-pay packages and, in some cases, finance options to spread the cost of treatment.

When Will Insurance Cover Knee Replacement?

Private medical insurance is generally designed to cover the treatment of medical conditions that develop after your policy begins, provided they meet the terms of your policy.

Before approving knee replacement surgery, insurers will usually expect evidence that:

• your knee pain has been assessed by an appropriate specialist
• non-surgical treatments have been considered where appropriate
• knee replacement is clinically indicated
• the treatment is covered under your policy

Whether surgery is approved depends on the terms and conditions of your individual policy.

Some policies exclude certain conditions, have waiting periods, or do not cover pre-existing medical conditions. It is therefore important to check your policy documents carefully before arranging treatment.

What Is Pre-authorisation?

Pre-authorisation (sometimes called pre-approval) is one of the most important steps in the insurance process.

Before surgery takes place, your insurer will usually ask for information about:

• your diagnosis
• your symptoms
• the proposed operation
• your consultant
• the hospital where treatment will occur

If the insurer agrees that the treatment is covered, they will issue an authorisation number confirming approval for the planned treatment.

You should always obtain pre-authorisation before surgery whenever your policy requires it. Proceeding without approval could leave you responsible for some or all of the costs.

Your consultant’s secretary or the hospital’s insurance team will often help with the administrative process, but it remains your responsibility to ensure approval has been obtained.

What Is an Excess?

Many private medical insurance policies include an excess.

An excess is the amount you agree to pay yourself before your insurer contributes towards the cost of treatment.

For example, if your policy has an excess, you may need to pay that amount directly to the hospital or consultant before insurance covers the remaining eligible costs.

The size of the excess varies between policies.

Choosing a higher excess often reduces the annual insurance premium but increases the amount you contribute if you need treatment.

Your insurer can explain exactly how your excess applies to your claim.

Approved Consultants and Hospitals

Many insurers operate networks of approved consultants and approved hospitals.

This means your policy may require you to receive treatment from healthcare professionals and hospitals that have agreed arrangements with the insurer.

Before arranging surgery, check that:

• your consultant is recognised by your insurer
• your chosen hospital is covered
• the proposed procedure is authorised

Using an approved consultant and hospital usually makes the claims process much simpler.

If you decide to see someone outside your insurer’s approved network, you may have to contribute towards the cost yourself or, depending on your policy, you may not be covered.

What Are Shortfalls?

One of the most common causes of unexpected medical bills is a shortfall.

A shortfall occurs when the fees charged by a consultant or another healthcare professional exceed the amount your insurer is prepared to reimburse under your policy.

For example:

• your consultant may charge more than the insurer’s reimbursement schedule
• certain professional fees may not be fully covered
• additional services may fall outside the terms of your policy

If a shortfall arises, you are usually responsible for paying the difference.

Not every patient experiences shortfalls, but it is sensible to ask both your consultant’s secretary and your insurer whether any are expected before proceeding with treatment.

What If You Decide to Self-Pay?

Many patients choose to pay for their knee replacement themselves rather than claim through insurance.

Reasons include:

• they do not have private medical insurance
• their policy excludes the condition
• they prefer not to make an insurance claim
• they wish to choose a consultant or hospital outside their insurer’s approved network

Most private hospitals offer fixed-price self-pay packages, allowing patients to understand the likely cost before treatment begins.

These packages often include:

• consultant surgeon’s fees
• anaesthetist’s fees
• hospital admission
• operating theatre costs
• routine implant costs
• standard follow-up appointments

Always ask exactly what is included before comparing quotations.

Are Finance Options Available?

Some private hospitals offer finance arrangements that allow eligible patients to spread the cost of treatment over time.

The availability, repayment period, interest rates and eligibility criteria vary between providers and finance companies.

Before entering into any finance agreement, make sure you understand:

• the total amount repayable
• whether interest applies
• any administration fees
• repayment terms
• what happens if payments are missed

Finance may make treatment more accessible for some patients, but it is important to consider whether the repayments are affordable and appropriate for your circumstances.

Questions to Ask Before Making a Claim

Whether you are insured or paying privately, asking the right questions can help avoid unexpected costs.

Consider asking:

• Has my surgery been pre-authorised?
• Does my policy include an excess?
• Is my consultant approved by my insurer?
• Is my chosen hospital covered?
• Are there likely to be any shortfalls?
• Does my policy cover physiotherapy and follow-up appointments?
• What happens if my hospital stay is longer than expected?
• Will I receive separate invoices from different healthcare professionals?

Insurance vs Self-Pay

Feature	Private Medical Insurance	Self-Pay
Upfront payment	Usually limited to any excess or uncovered costs	Patient pays the full package price
Pre-authorisation required	Usually yes	No
Choice of consultant	May be limited by your policy	Usually wider choice
Choice of hospital	May depend on insurer’s approved network	Choice depends on provider availability
Risk of shortfalls	Possible	Usually not, if using a fixed-price package (subject to package terms)
Finance options	Not applicable	Available from some providers

Understanding Your Financial Responsibility

Whether you are using private medical insurance or paying for treatment yourself, the most important step is understanding exactly who is paying for what.

Before confirming your surgery, obtain written confirmation of any insurance approval, ask whether any excess or shortfalls could apply, and request a detailed breakdown of any costs that you may be responsible for.

A clear understanding of your financial arrangements before treatment will help you focus on what matters most—your operation, your recovery and returning to an active, pain-free life.

Payment Options for Self-Pay Knee Replacement Patients

Choosing to pay for your own knee replacement surgery gives you greater flexibility over when and where you receive treatment. It also means you need to decide how you will fund the operation.

Most UK private hospitals understand that a knee replacement is a significant financial commitment and offer several payment options. These commonly include paying in full, using savings, arranging medical finance or, in some cases, paying by instalments before treatment.

Whichever option you choose, it is important to understand exactly what your quotation includes and whether there are any circumstances in which additional costs could arise.

Paying Upfront

Many self-pay patients choose to pay the full amount before surgery.

Most hospitals will ask for payment shortly before admission, once your operation date has been confirmed.

Paying upfront has several advantages:

• no ongoing repayments after surgery
• no interest charges
• complete clarity over the cost of treatment
• straightforward administration

If you are comparing hospitals, ensure that you are comparing like-for-like packages. A lower price may not represent better value if important services such as physiotherapy or follow-up appointments are excluded.

Using Personal Savings

Many patients choose to fund their surgery from savings.

This approach avoids borrowing and allows you to concentrate on your recovery without monthly repayments.

Before committing your savings, consider:

• whether you will retain an emergency financial reserve
• any income you may lose while recovering
• travel costs for appointments
• additional physiotherapy that may not be included in your package

It is sensible to budget for expenses beyond the operation itself, particularly if you expect to be away from work for several weeks.

Medical Finance

Some private hospitals work with independent finance providers to offer medical loans for eligible patients.

These arrangements allow patients to spread the cost of surgery over an agreed repayment period rather than paying the entire amount upfront.

Finance arrangements differ between providers but commonly involve:

• a credit application
• affordability checks
• fixed monthly repayments
• a defined repayment period

Depending on the agreement, interest may or may not be charged.

Before entering into any finance agreement, make sure you understand:

• the total amount you will repay
• whether the interest rate is fixed or variable
• any arrangement or administration fees
• early repayment charges, if applicable
• what happens if repayments are missed

Borrowing should be considered carefully and only if the repayments remain affordable throughout the repayment period.

Can You Pay by Instalments?

Some hospitals allow patients to pay by instalments before their operation.

For example, once surgery has been scheduled several weeks in advance, patients may be able to spread payments over that period before admission.

This differs from medical finance because the hospital receives full payment before treatment takes place.

Policies vary between providers, so ask:

• whether instalment payments are available
• when the final balance is due
• whether deposits are refundable if surgery is postponed

What Happens If Complications Occur?

One of the most important questions to ask before booking surgery is:

“What happens if I develop a complication?”

Fortunately, serious complications after knee replacement are uncommon, but no operation is completely risk-free.

Examples include:

• infection
• bleeding
• blood clots
• wound healing problems
• knee stiffness
• unexpected medical issues requiring a longer hospital stay

The financial implications depend on the terms of your self-pay package.

Some hospitals include treatment of complications that occur within a defined period after surgery, while others may charge separately for certain additional treatments or prolonged admissions.

Because policies vary, always ask for written clarification before proceeding.

Could There Be Unexpected Costs?

Even with a fixed-price package, additional costs can occasionally arise.

Examples include:

• extra nights in hospital if your recovery is slower than expected
• additional physiotherapy sessions
• further imaging if required
• treatment for unrelated medical conditions identified during your admission
• specialist equipment or braces
• additional outpatient consultations beyond those included in the package

Unexpected costs are not inevitable, and many patients complete their treatment without paying anything beyond the agreed package price. However, understanding the provider’s policy beforehand can prevent surprises later.

Questions to Ask Before You Commit

Before paying for surgery, ask your hospital for a detailed written quotation and clarify:

• Is this a genuine fixed-price package?
• What happens if I need to stay in hospital longer?
• Are all consultant and anaesthetist fees included?
• Is physiotherapy included after discharge?
• Are there circumstances in which additional charges may apply?
• What is the cancellation or postponement policy?
• Are payment plans or finance options available?

A reputable provider should be able to answer these questions clearly and transparently.

Comparing Your Payment Options

Payment Method	Advantages	Points to Consider
Paying upfront	No borrowing, no ongoing repayments, complete cost certainty	Requires sufficient available funds
Personal savings	Avoids interest and loan commitments	Ensure you retain adequate emergency savings
Medical finance	Spreads the cost over time with fixed repayments	Interest and eligibility vary between finance providers
Pre-surgery instalments	Smaller payments before admission without long-term borrowing	Not offered by every hospital and usually requires full payment before surgery

Plan for the Whole Journey

The cost of knee replacement extends beyond the day of your operation. When budgeting for treatment, think about the entire recovery period, including time away from work, travel, rehabilitation and any additional support you may need at home.

Choosing the most appropriate payment method is about balancing affordability with financial security. Rather than selecting a hospital solely because it offers the lowest price or the longest repayment period, look for transparent pricing, clear package terms and a treatment plan that gives you confidence in both the surgery and your recovery.

How to Choose a Knee Replacement Surgeon

Choosing a surgeon is one of the most important decisions you will make when considering knee replacement surgery. While cost, waiting times and hospital facilities all matter, the relationship between you and your surgeon is central to achieving the best possible outcome.

There is no single measure that identifies the “best” knee surgeon. Instead, look for a combination of appropriate training, relevant experience, clear communication, evidence-based practice and access to a well-supported multidisciplinary team. The aim is to find a surgeon you trust and who recommends the operation that is right for you—not simply the operation you expected or hoped to have.

Specialist Training

In the UK, knee replacement surgery is performed by consultant orthopaedic surgeons who have completed many years of medical school, surgical training and specialist orthopaedic education.

Many surgeons go on to undertake additional fellowship training in knee surgery or lower limb reconstruction. These advanced training programmes provide further experience in areas such as:

• primary knee replacement
• complex knee reconstruction
• revision knee replacement
• sports knee surgery
• limb alignment surgery

Fellowship training can indicate a particular interest in knee surgery, although it is only one aspect of a surgeon’s overall expertise.

Experience

Experience is important, but it should be considered thoughtfully.

Rather than asking simply, “How many years have you been a consultant?”, consider questions such as:

• Do they regularly perform knee replacement surgery?
• Do they have a particular interest in treating knee arthritis?
• Are they experienced in the type of operation you need?
• Do they also perform more complex procedures such as revision knee replacement?

A surgeon who regularly performs knee replacement surgery is likely to have well-established surgical pathways and experience managing both routine cases and unexpected situations.

However, experience alone does not guarantee an excellent outcome. Success depends on careful patient selection, appropriate surgical planning and high-quality rehabilitation as well as technical skill.

Clinical Outcomes

Patients naturally want to know about a surgeon’s results.

Assessing outcomes is more complex than comparing simple success rates because surgeons often treat different types of patients with varying levels of complexity.

Useful discussions with your surgeon may include:

• expected pain relief
• improvement in mobility
• recovery timelines
• risks and complications
• the likelihood of requiring further surgery in the future

An experienced surgeon should explain both the benefits and limitations of knee replacement in a balanced and realistic way.

Rather than promising perfect results, they should help you understand what outcomes are likely in your individual circumstances.

Communication

Good communication is one of the strongest indicators of high-quality care.

During your consultation, ask yourself:

• Did the surgeon listen carefully?
• Were your questions answered clearly?
• Were different treatment options discussed?
• Did you feel involved in the decision?
• Were the risks explained as well as the benefits?

You should never feel rushed into making a decision.

A good consultation should leave you with a clear understanding of:

• your diagnosis
• why surgery is—or is not—recommended
• alternative treatments
• expected recovery
• possible complications

Feeling comfortable asking questions is just as important as the answers themselves.

The Hospital Matters Too

Even the most experienced surgeon works within a wider healthcare team.

When choosing where to have surgery, consider the hospital’s facilities, including:

• dedicated orthopaedic wards
• experienced theatre staff
• modern operating theatres
• infection prevention measures
• physiotherapy services
• access to imaging
• post-operative support

Private hospitals often provide comfortable accommodation and continuity of care, while NHS hospitals perform large numbers of successful knee replacements within established multidisciplinary pathways.

The quality of the overall service is often as important as the operation itself.

The Importance of the Multidisciplinary Team

Successful knee replacement involves far more than the operation.

High-quality care relies on an experienced multidisciplinary team that may include:

• consultant anaesthetists
• specialist nurses
• operating department practitioners
• physiotherapists
• occupational therapists
• pharmacists
• radiographers
• administrative and clinic staff

Each member of the team contributes to your care before, during and after surgery.

For example:

• physiotherapists guide rehabilitation
• anaesthetists optimise pain control
• nurses monitor recovery and wound healing
• occupational therapists help patients return safely to everyday activities when needed

A coordinated team approach supports both recovery and patient safety.

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures

Increasingly, healthcare focuses not only on technical success but also on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

PROMs are questionnaires completed by patients before and after surgery that assess:

• pain
• mobility
• daily function
• quality of life
• overall satisfaction

These measures provide valuable information because they reflect the patient’s own experience rather than relying solely on X-rays or clinical examination.

While individual PROMs are influenced by many factors—including the severity of arthritis and other medical conditions—they have become an important way of assessing the effectiveness of knee replacement surgery across healthcare systems.

Patients may wish to ask how their recovery and progress will be monitored after surgery and whether patient-reported outcomes form part of routine follow-up.

Questions to Ask Your Surgeon

A consultation is your opportunity to gather information and make an informed decision.

Consider asking:

• Why do you recommend knee replacement in my case?
• Am I suitable for a partial or total knee replacement?
• What are the expected benefits for me?
• What are the main risks?
• How long is recovery likely to take?
• What rehabilitation will I need?
• What happens if complications occur?
• What support is available after surgery?

There are rarely “right” or “wrong” answers, but clear, balanced explanations can help you feel confident in your decision.

Avoid Choosing on Reputation Alone

Patients often search online for the “best knee surgeon”. With the recent advent of AI (artificial intelligence) patients are increasing searching consultant reviews and patient feedback to help assist them make a decision about their surgeon.

In reality, no published ranking can reliably identify the best surgeon for every patient.

Online reviews, recommendations and personal experiences can provide useful context, but they should never replace a thorough consultation and careful discussion of your individual needs.

The surgeon who is the right choice for one patient may not be the best fit for another.

Choosing the Right Surgeon for You

Ultimately, the best surgeon is one who:

• has appropriate specialist training and experience
• communicates clearly and honestly
• recommends evidence-based treatment
• works within an experienced multidisciplinary team
• provides realistic expectations about recovery
• supports you throughout your treatment journey

A successful knee replacement depends on much more than the operation itself. Careful assessment, shared decision-making, high-quality rehabilitation and your own commitment to recovery all contribute to the final outcome.

Take time to ask questions, compare information and choose a surgeon who inspires confidence. The goal is not simply to find someone who can perform the operation, but someone who will help you make the right decision and support you before, during and after your knee replacement.

These FAQs are specifically targeted at commercial search intent around knee replacement costs, hospital fees, insurance, self-pay and finance. They are designed to rank for Google’s People Also Ask questions and support your “Knee Replacement Cost” pillar page.

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Why does one private hospital charge more than another for a knee replacement?

Private hospitals don’t all price knee replacement surgery in the same way. Costs can vary depending on the hospital’s location, facilities, operating theatre technology, staffing levels and the services included in the package. Some hospitals include physiotherapy, follow-up appointments and routine post-operative care, while others charge separately. Hospitals in major cities, particularly London, often have higher operating costs, which may be reflected in their prices. Rather than comparing headline prices alone, ask for a detailed written quotation showing exactly what is included.

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What does a private knee replacement package usually include?

Most self-pay knee replacement packages include the surgeon’s fee, anaesthetist’s fee, hospital admission, operating theatre costs, the knee implant, routine medications during your stay and standard follow-up appointments. Some hospitals also include physiotherapy and post-operative X-rays, while others charge separately. Before booking surgery, ask for a written breakdown of the package so you understand exactly what is covered and whether there are any potential additional costs.

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Are surgeon’s fees included in the price of a knee replacement?

Usually, but not always. Many private hospitals advertise fixed-price packages that include the consultant surgeon’s fee, while others provide separate invoices from the surgeon, anaesthetist and hospital. If you are comparing quotations from different providers, make sure you know whether the quoted price includes all professional fees. Asking for a full cost breakdown helps prevent unexpected bills after your operation.

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Is the anaesthetist’s fee included in a self-pay package?

Many fixed-price packages include the anaesthetist’s fee, but this is not universal. In some cases, the anaesthetist invoices separately, particularly if additional procedures or prolonged care are required. Before confirming your surgery, ask whether the quoted price covers all anaesthetic costs, including pre-operative assessment and routine post-operative care. A clear written quotation reduces the risk of unexpected expenses.

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What are shortfalls in private medical insurance?

A shortfall is the difference between the amount charged by your consultant or hospital and the amount your insurer agrees to pay. If your healthcare professional charges more than your insurer’s reimbursement limit, you may be responsible for paying the remaining balance yourself. Not every patient experiences a shortfall, but it is sensible to ask both your insurer and your consultant’s secretary whether any additional charges are likely before treatment begins.

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What is an insurance excess?

An excess is the amount you agree to pay yourself before your private medical insurance contributes towards your treatment costs. For example, if your policy includes an excess, you may need to pay that amount directly, with your insurer covering the remaining eligible costs. Policies vary considerably, so always check how your excess applies to hospital treatment, consultations and surgery before arranging your knee replacement.

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Can I pay for a knee replacement in monthly instalments?

Some private hospitals allow patients to spread payments before surgery, while others work with independent finance providers that offer monthly repayment plans. Availability varies between hospitals, and finance is usually subject to affordability and credit checks. Before agreeing to any payment plan, ask about interest rates, administration fees, repayment periods and the total amount you will repay over the life of the agreement.

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Can I get finance for knee replacement surgery?

Yes. Many private hospitals offer access to medical finance through specialist lenders. This allows eligible patients to spread the cost of treatment over several months or years rather than paying the full amount upfront. Finance agreements vary, so it’s important to understand the interest rate, repayment schedule and total cost before signing any agreement. Borrowing should always be carefully considered alongside your personal financial circumstances.

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Is it cheaper to pay privately than use private medical insurance?

Not necessarily. If you have comprehensive private medical insurance, using your policy may significantly reduce your personal costs. However, if your policy has a high excess, excludes your condition or involves substantial shortfalls, a self-pay package could sometimes be financially competitive. The only way to know is to compare your insurance contribution with a written self-pay quotation from the hospital.

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What happens if I need to stay in hospital longer than expected?

This depends on your hospital’s self-pay policy. Some fixed-price packages include treatment for routine complications and longer stays within defined limits, while others may charge additional daily hospital fees if your admission is extended. Before surgery, ask what happens if you require extra nights in hospital and whether additional consultant or nursing fees could apply.

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Will I have to pay extra if I develop complications?

Most patients recover without significant complications, but it’s sensible to ask this question before surgery. Some hospitals include treatment for certain complications occurring within a specified period after surgery, while others may charge separately for additional procedures, investigations or prolonged admissions. Request written confirmation of the hospital’s complication policy so you understand your financial responsibilities if unexpected problems arise.

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Do I have to pay separately for physiotherapy?

It depends on the package you choose. Some hospitals include a set number of physiotherapy sessions after surgery, while others provide only an initial assessment or charge separately for rehabilitation. Because physiotherapy plays an important role in recovery, ask how many sessions are included and what additional treatment would cost if you need further support.

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Are knee implants included in the quoted price?

In most self-pay packages, the standard knee implant is included in the overall price. However, some specialist implants or robotic-assisted procedures may attract additional charges. Ask your surgeon which implant they recommend, whether alternative implants are available and whether your quoted price includes all implant costs.

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Are pre-operative scans and blood tests included?

Many hospitals include routine blood tests, ECGs and pre-operative assessment within their self-pay package. However, advanced imaging such as MRI or CT scans may be arranged separately if required before surgery. Ask your hospital for a complete list of included investigations so you know whether any diagnostic tests will incur additional costs.

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Do I need to pay a deposit before surgery?

Many private hospitals require a deposit or full payment before your admission date. The amount and timing vary between providers. Ask when payment is due, whether deposits are refundable if surgery is postponed and whether cancellation fees apply. Understanding the payment schedule can help you plan your finances well in advance.

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Can I switch from insurance to self-pay?

Yes, in some situations. Patients occasionally decide to self-fund treatment if insurance authorisation is declined, a condition is excluded from their policy or they wish to see a consultant outside their insurer’s approved network. If you change payment method, ask the hospital to provide a revised quotation showing exactly what your self-pay package includes.

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Are follow-up appointments included after knee replacement surgery?

Most self-pay packages include one or more routine follow-up appointments with your surgeon after the operation. However, the number of appointments varies between hospitals. Additional reviews, particularly if requested several months later or for unrelated concerns, may incur further charges. Always ask how many follow-up visits are included in your package price.

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What should I ask before accepting a self-pay quotation?

Before agreeing to surgery, ask whether the quotation includes the surgeon, anaesthetist, hospital stay, implant, medications, physiotherapy, follow-up appointments and treatment for complications. Also ask whether there are any circumstances in which extra charges could arise. A detailed written quotation allows you to compare hospitals fairly and reduces the risk of unexpected bills.

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Can the price of my knee replacement change after I book surgery?

Once you have accepted a fixed-price package, the agreed cost will often remain unchanged unless your treatment requirements alter significantly. However, additional procedures, extended hospital stays or services outside the package may incur extra charges. Ask the hospital to explain which situations could result in additional costs so you understand the financial implications before your operation.

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Is the cheapest private knee replacement the best value?

Not necessarily. A lower price may reflect fewer services being included rather than better value. One hospital may include physiotherapy, follow-up care and treatment for routine complications, while another charges separately for each. Choosing a hospital based solely on price can therefore be misleading. The best value usually comes from transparent pricing, experienced clinicians, comprehensive aftercare and a package that meets your individual needs rather than simply the lowest headline cost.

These concise answers are designed for Google AI Overviews, Featured Snippets, People Also Ask, and voice search. Each is under 60 words, answers the question immediately, and naturally reinforces the page’s primary keyword.

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How much does a private knee replacement cost in the UK?

Private knee replacement surgery in the UK typically costs £11,000 to £18,000. The final price depends on the hospital, surgeon, implant, location and whether additional services such as physiotherapy or robotic surgery are included.

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What is included in the cost of a knee replacement?

Most self-pay packages include the surgeon, anaesthetist, hospital stay, operating theatre, implant and routine follow-up appointments. Some also include physiotherapy, while others charge separately.

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Why do knee replacement prices vary?

Prices vary because hospitals differ in their facilities, location, package inclusions, implant choice, surgeon fees and technology. London hospitals often charge more than hospitals elsewhere in the UK.

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Is robotic knee replacement more expensive?

Yes. Robotic-assisted knee replacement usually costs more because of the technology, specialist equipment and additional planning required. However, higher cost does not necessarily mean better long-term outcomes.

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Does private medical insurance cover knee replacement?

Many policies cover knee replacement surgery if it is medically necessary and pre-authorised. Your cover depends on your individual policy, excess and any exclusions.

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What is an insurance excess?

An excess is the amount you pay towards your treatment before your insurer contributes. The amount varies between insurance policies.

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What is a shortfall?

A shortfall is the difference between your consultant’s fees and the amount your insurer agrees to pay. If one occurs, you are usually responsible for paying the remaining balance.

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Can I pay monthly for a knee replacement?

Yes. Many private hospitals offer finance options or payment plans that allow eligible patients to spread the cost over monthly instalments.

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Is physiotherapy included in the price?

Sometimes. Some self-pay packages include physiotherapy after surgery, while others charge separately. Always ask exactly what your package includes.

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Is a partial knee replacement cheaper?

Often, but not always. Partial knee replacement may cost slightly less than total knee replacement, although prices are frequently similar because hospital and theatre costs remain comparable.

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Is knee replacement available on the NHS?

Yes. Knee replacement surgery is available on the NHS for eligible patients and is free at the point of care, although waiting times vary across the UK.

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How long will I stay in hospital?

Most patients stay in hospital for one to three days, depending on their recovery, mobility and overall health.

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Can I choose my surgeon privately?

Yes. Self-paying patients usually have greater choice over their consultant surgeon and hospital than NHS patients.

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Do I need to pay upfront?

Usually. Most hospitals request payment before surgery unless you are using approved medical finance or private medical insurance.

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Are knee implants included in the price?

Yes. Standard implants are usually included within self-pay packages. Specialist implants or robotic procedures may increase the overall cost.

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What happens if complications occur?

This depends on your hospital’s package. Some include treatment for routine complications within a defined period, while others may charge additional fees.

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Are follow-up appointments included?

Most self-pay packages include routine follow-up appointments with your surgeon, although the number of visits varies between hospitals.

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Is London more expensive for knee replacement?

Generally, yes. Private hospitals in London often charge higher prices than hospitals elsewhere in the UK because of increased operating costs.

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Can I compare prices between hospitals?

Yes, but compare what is included rather than the headline price alone. Lower-cost packages may exclude physiotherapy, follow-up care or other important services.

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What is the best way to compare knee replacement costs?

Request a detailed written quotation showing every included service, professional fee and possible additional charge. This allows you to compare hospitals fairly and avoid unexpected costs.

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“Related Guides” Section

Continue your research:

• Complete Guide to Knee Replacement
• Knee Replacement Recovery
• Robotic Knee Replacement
• Partial Knee Replacement
• Hip Replacement Cost
• Knee Replacement in London
• Knee Replacement in Manchester
• Knee Replacement in Oxford

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References

The information in this guide is based on current UK clinical guidance, national registries and professional organisations involved in the care of patients undergoing knee replacement surgery.

1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Osteoarthritis in over 16s: Diagnosis and Management (NG226). Updated guidance on the diagnosis, non-surgical management and referral criteria for hip and knee osteoarthritis, including indications for joint replacement surgery. (Nice)
2. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Joint Replacement (Primary): Hip, Knee and Shoulder (NG157). National guidance covering patient selection, shared decision-making, partial versus total knee replacement, implant selection and perioperative care.
3. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Joint Replacement (Primary): Hip, Knee and Shoulder – Quality Standard QS206. Recommends that patients with isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis who are suitable for either procedure are offered a choice between partial and total knee replacement after discussion of the risks and benefits.
4. NHS. Knee Replacement (Arthroplasty). NHS patient information covering indications for surgery, the procedure, risks, recovery and expected outcomes. This provides the standard NHS patient pathway for knee replacement surgery.
5. National Joint Registry (NJR) for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the States of Guernsey. Annual Report. The NJR is the world’s largest joint replacement registry and provides comprehensive data on implant performance, revision rates, surgical practice and long-term outcomes following knee replacement.
6. British Orthopaedic Association (BOA). Commissioning Guide: Painful Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Evidence-based guidance on assessment, referral pathways, non-operative treatment and appropriate use of knee replacement surgery.
7. British Orthopaedic Association (BOA). Getting It Right First Time (GIRFT) – Orthopaedics. National quality improvement programme promoting evidence-based practice, improved patient outcomes and efficient delivery of elective orthopaedic surgery.
8. Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England). Guidance on Shared Decision Making and Informed Consent. Professional guidance supporting patient-centred discussions regarding the risks, benefits and alternatives to surgery.
9. Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England). Standards for Elective Orthopaedic Surgery. Guidance relating to surgical quality, multidisciplinary care, patient safety and perioperative standards.
10. NHS England. Elective Recovery and Planned Care Guidance. National guidance on referral pathways, elective surgery and improving access to planned orthopaedic procedures.

Evidence Statement

This guide has been prepared using authoritative UK sources, including NICE clinical guidelines, NHS patient information, National Joint Registry outcome data and guidance from the British Orthopaedic Association and the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Where costs are discussed, figures are indicative self-pay ranges only, as private hospital pricing varies by region, surgeon, implant choice, package inclusions and individual clinical circumstances.

This guide has been written to help patients understand the costs of knee replacement surgery in the UK. It explains how private hospital pricing works, what is usually included in self-pay packages, how medical insurance affects costs and the factors that influence pricing.

Editorial Standards

This article is:

• independently researched
• evidence based
• written in plain English
• reviewed for clinical accuracy
• updated when national guidance changes
• referenced using UK healthcare sources wherever possible

Where evidence is uncertain or evolving, this is clearly stated within the article.

How this article was researched

This guide was developed using:

• NICE clinical guidance
• NHS patient information
• National Joint Registry reports
• British Orthopaedic Association guidance
• Royal College of Surgeons publications
• published peer-reviewed orthopaedic research

Information about private treatment costs was compiled from published UK self-pay pricing and hospital package information available at the time of writing.

Key Points

• Most UK private knee replacements cost £11,000–£18,000.
• Prices vary by hospital, surgeon and implant.
• Self-pay packages usually include surgery, hospital stay and follow-up.
• Robotic surgery generally costs more.
• Insurance may cover surgery but excesses and shortfalls can apply.
• Always request a written quotation before booking.

Evidence Summary

Current evidence shows:

✔ Knee replacement is one of the most successful procedures for severe knee arthritis.

✔ Modern implants commonly last 15–20 years or more.

✔ Robotic surgery improves implant positioning accuracy, although long-term patient outcomes remain similar in many studies.

✔ Successful outcomes depend on patient selection, surgical expertise and rehabilitation rather than implant technology alone.

About the Author

Active Again Editorial Team

The Active Again editorial team produces evidence-based patient information on orthopaedic conditions, joint replacement surgery and recovery. Every article is researched using current UK clinical guidance and written in clear, accessible language to support informed healthcare decisions.

Medical Reviewer

Reviewed by a UK Consultant

This article has been independently reviewed for clinical accuracy by a UK consultant specialising in hip and knee replacement surgery. The review confirms that the information reflects current UK practice and national clinical guidance at the time of publication.

Last reviewed: 31 July 2026

Updated to reflect current NICE guidance and National Joint Registry data.

Reviewer Declaration

The medical reviewer has assessed this article for clinical accuracy, consistency with current UK guidance and balance of information. The reviewer has not received payment from hospitals, implant manufacturers or healthcare providers in relation to this content.